Manufacture of heavy guns



(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 1.

J. SHINN. MANUPAGTURE OF HEAVY GUNS, SHAFTS, &c. No. 397,029. Patented Jan. 29, 1889.

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(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 2. J. SHINN.

MANUFACTURE OF HEAVY GUNS, SHAPTS, &c.

No. 397,029. Patented Jan. 29, 1889.

\NITNEEIEIEEI UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN SHINN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

MANUFACTURE oF HEAVY-GUNS, SHAFTs, 0.

SPECIFICATION forming part'of Letters Patent No. 397,029,:1ate d January 29, 1889.

Application illed July 23 1388- Be'rial Nb. 280,845. "(No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN SHINN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Heavy Masses of Metal, of which the following is a specification. V y

- My invention relates to improved methods of constructing large masses .of steel, iron, or bronze built up of parts previously cast, rolled, or hammered, and such masses of metal are intended to be used in the manufacture of heavy guns and shaftings.

My invention consists in a combination of two or more jackets, each j aeket made in two parts, and locking the jackets together around a solid bar or making the central jacket form a tube by leaving out the center bar, the whole being bound together by hoops or bands, as shown in the drawings, and as will be hereinafter described.

The object of my invention is to construct large guns or shafts without requiring a large mass of metal to be cast in one ingot.

The parts to build up a gun or shaft may be cast, rolled, or hammered, and in guns the tube may be put together with thev hole finished or nearly finished, saving much material and labor, and shafts put together according to my invention will be more free from central flaws than when forged from one ingot. I accomplish these objects by the modes of construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal side View of a gun constructed according to my invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view of the breech end. Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7 are cross-sections taken on the dotted lines at, 5, 6, and 7 of Figs. 1 and 2. Figs. 8 and 9 are views of the muzzle end. Fig. 10 is a longitudinal view of a shaft, couplings, and journal constructed according to my invention, Figs. 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, and 19 are detail parts of the shaft, core, and jackets, showing different shapes. Fig. 16 is an end view of one-half of the journal. Fig. 20 is an end view of the journal. Fig. 21 isa side view of one of the couplings. Fig. 22 is an edge view of Fig. 21. Fig. 23 is an end couplings.

Similar letters refer to similar parts th rough- "out the several views.

Referring to the drawings, it will be noticed that my improvement as applied to the construction of guns shows a gun built up of tube A, jackets B and C, and a series of hoops. The tube A-and jackets B and G are each made in two parts and divided across the cent-er of the hole. The jacket-s may be made of steel, iron, or bronze cast, rolled, or forged. The hole (bore) in the tube, it will be noticed, is of a hexagonal shape, having six equal sides, or it may be. made with eight sides, as

shown in Fig. 9. This hole is rolled, cast, or forged. in each half of the tube when it is made. The outsides of the tube and jackets are formed to correspond with the shapeof the hole. The rough parts of the tube and jackets, as they come from the mold, rolls, or forge, are placed on an iron planer, where it is planed up on all sides to a templet, when the tube and jackets are all planed to standardtemplets. The jackets are forced on the tube by pressure, making lap ,or look joints, as is shown in the drawings. After the tube A and jackets B and G are forcedtogether, they are clamped and put in a turninglathe, turned down at the muzzle for the hoop D, and to E, Fig. 2, for the hoops or bands, as represented in sections, Figs. 2, 4, and 5, which are shrunk on the jackets to build up a gun, as represented in Fig. 1.

Fig. 10 represents a shaft, journal, and couplings constructed according to my invention, and which is made in the following manner: F is a core, which may be rolled, cast, or forged to a shape shown in Figs. 13, 15, 19, and 23, which are end views. This core F is planed on all sides to a templet. The jacket A is made in two parts. It may be rolled, cast, or forged to shape, as shown in Figs. 12, 14, 18, and 23, which are end views. The two parts making the jacketA are put on a plan'- will make the j aeket A have a tight fit on the core F. The jacket A is also planed on the outside to a templet of shape to correspond to the inside shape. The two parts making the jacket B may be rolled, cast, or forged to view of the shaft and a face view of one of the ing-machine and planed toa templet that shape, asshown in Figs. 11, 17, and 23,which gether by bolts "andthen bored are end views. The parts of jacket B are planedto tcmplets inside and outside. The jackets A and B are then forced by pressure together, as shown in Fig. 23. I ,D', Figs. 10, 21, 22, and 23, represents the face couplings.- forged. They are bored out by a special tool to a shape and size as will give a shrinking fit on the end of the built-up shaft constructed of jackets A B,- and core F, as shown in end view, Fig.

The couplings D can be shrunk on or forced on the ends of the shaftbyprcss The journal G is made in two parts and putv together by boltsJ J J J.

(See Figs. 10 and 20.) This journal I prefer to cast;

,out to fit the bodyof the shaft bya special tool to here out the couplings. After the journal is bored, it is takenapartmla'mped to the shaft, andtu rned up after clamping on the shaft. The bolts for clamping the journal should have. jam-nuts or other fastenings to prevent the nuts from getting loose. shafting one ,ormore of these journals can be used on each seetion,-aceord ingto the length of the sections. At the time the shaft is in the lathe. for turning the journalthe couplings are turned and. faced: The bolt-holes in the couplings may be drilled before they are shrunk on the shaft. v

It is obvious that a crank maybe boredout by the same special tool that is used to bore the journals and couplings, and the crank may be shrunk or forced on the end of a shaft. 7 It is also obviousthat thehole in agun builtup These couplings are cast or It is put to used in the manufacture of heavy guns and Ina line of shafts,

. Witnesses:

according to my inventitm maybe bored round and rifled, and a gun may be made closed at the breech for a muzzle-loader. 4

If so desired, the core F, Figs. 13, 15, and 19, may be left out, making a lighter shaft, and the center hole may be made round.

I fully believe that the joints of the jackets or tubes can be welded or brazed by the new 4 art of electric welding.

, In fitting up the parts for the tubes or jack,- etS it may be desirable 'to rough out these parts on a planing-imtchine and 'finish on a millingqnachine. r 4

I fully believe'that the parts forming the tube and jacket of the gun or body of the shaft may be hot-rolled down to near the finished size, then pickled an d cold-rolled to a standard and finished size by specially-prepared 5 rolls, such as are used in finishing cold-rolled shafting. Such cold-rolling makes the fibers q compact and almost equal to tempering. Having, as above, fully deseribedthe manner of constructing large masses of metal to be what I claim as my invention is- In the construction of large masses of metal to be used in the manufacture of heavy guns and shafts, tube A and one or more jackets, B, said tube and jackets made each in two parts and so put together that the tube and jacket will make lap andilock joints, in combination with hoops or bands, as shown and described.

, JOHN SHINN.

Jos. 'S. BEAUMONT, I J. H. BEAUMoN'r. 

